Center For Clean Air Policy

TO CONTRIBUTE TO AND FOSTER THROUGH RESEARCH AND DIALOGUE, THE PUBLIC DEBATE ON AN UNDERSTANDING OR ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE ACTION PROGRAMS: OVER THE LAST FOUR YEARS CCAP HAS IMPLEMENTED THE TRANSIT-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT NATIONALLY APPROPRIATE MITIGATION ACTION (NAMA) IN COLOMBIA. THE OVERARCHING GOAL OF THE PROGRAM IS TO PROVIDE TECHNICAL AND FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR TOD PROJECTS THROUGHOUT COLOMBIA. TRANSIT-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT (TOD) IS AN URBAN DEVELOPMENT MODEL THAT JOINS URBAN PLANNING AND MOBILITY TO IMPROVE PEOPLE'S QUALITY OF LIFE AND FACILITATE THEIR ACCESS TO GOODS AND THE SERVICES OFFERED BY THE CITY. THE TOD MODEL DEVELOPS NEIGHBORHOODS AROUND STATIONS AND MAIN CORRIDORS OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT. IT AIMS TO DECREASE THE USAGE OF INEFFICIENT PASSENGER TRANSPORT MODES AND REDUCE THE GLOBAL AND LOCAL NEGATIVE IMPACTS IN THE ENVIRONMENT (I.E., GHG EMISSIONS, NOISE, AND AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS). THROUGH THE CREATION OF SAFE AND PUBLIC SPACES, WITH HIGH-QUALITY DESIGN, APPROPRIATE DENSITIES AND A MIX OF LAND USES AND ACTIVITIES, TOD CREATES MANY SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.TO QUANTIFY THE LONG-TERM IMPACT OF THE NAMA, CCAP AND PARTNERS DEVELOPED A METHOD TO TRACK GHG MITIGATION EFFECTS THROUGH ROBUST MONITORING, REPORTING AND VERIFICATION (MRV). THE COLOMBIAN TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT NAMA WENT BEYOND THIS GOAL AND CREATED A SYSTEM TO MEASURE AND EVALUATE (M&E) PROGRESS AND PERFORMANCE FROM BEGINNING TO END. TOD CAN TAKE DECADES TO MATURE, AND EVERY NEIGHBORHOOD AND PROJECT, WHILE SHARING BASIC PRINCIPLES, IS UNIQUE. "LEARNING-BY-DOING" IS THE GUIDING PRINCIPLE BEHIND A COMPREHENSIVE M&E PACKAGE THAT GIVES CITIES AND NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AGENCIES THE TOOLS, PROCEDURES, AND KNOWLEDGE TO TRACK THEIR TOD PROJECTS AND POLICIES OVER THE COURSE OF YEARS, WHILE CONTINUALLY GAINING INSIGHTS TO IMPROVE RESULTS. THE CCAP TEAM DEVELOPED AN M&E TOOLKIT FOR USE BY CITIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES AND THE COLOMBIAN GOVERNMENT ITSELF. THE INNOVATIVE MONITORING AND EVALUATION TOOLKIT THAT CIUDAT HAS DEVELOPED INCLUDES 1) COMPREHENSIVE SET OF TIERED INDICATORS TO TRACK PROGRESS, OUTCOMES AND IMPACTS (PROJECTS, POLICIES, INVESTMENTS, CHANGES IN LAND USE, CHANGES IN TRAVEL BEHAVIOR AND GHG REDUCTIONS); 2) COMPREHENSIVE M&E GUIDE FOR CITIES; 3) SPREADSHEET TOOL TO TRACK THE INDICATORS AND CALCULATE GHG REDUCTIONS (FOR NATIONAL MRV REPORTING); AND 4) PROTOTYPE WEB-BASED, GIS TOOL TO TRACK INDICATORS. THE M&E MANAGEMENT TOOLKIT ALLOWS INTERESTED PARTIES TO UNDERSTAND THE RICHNESS, COMPLEXITY AND VALUE OF COMPREHENSIVE DATA COLLECTION AND EVALUATION.INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE POLICY PROGRAMS: ANOTHER COMPONENT OF THE TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT NAMA IN COLOMBIA WAS THE DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPREHENSIVE NATIONAL ROADMAP FOR STRATEGIC POLICY CHANGE THAT WILL HELP TOD FLOURISH IN THE COMING DECADES. NO OTHER COUNTRY HAS PREPARED SUCH AN ARTICULATION OF A NATIONAL TOD POLICY FRAMEWORK TO INTEGRATE TRANSPORT, LAND USE AND HOUSING AND REDUCE GHGS. SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF THESE RECOMMENDATIONS WILL PROVIDE THE REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, INCENTIVES, AND MARKET SUPPORT TO SCALE UP AND REPLICATE TOD NEIGHBORHOODS IN CITIES ACROSS COLOMBIA. THE CCAP TEAM DEVELOPED A FOCUSED SET OF PUBLIC POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO THE TRANSFORMATION OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT MODELS IN COLOMBIAN CITIES. THEY CRAFTED UNIFIED GUIDELINES THAT OFFER AN INTER-SECTORAL POLICY FRAMEWORK, WITH A CLEAR AND CONSISTENT UNDERSTANDING OF TOD THAT TRANSLATES INTO CONCRETE AND COORDINATED ACTIONS BY THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT, STARTING WITH THE TRANSPORT, HOUSING AND ENVIRONMENT SECTORS, BUT ULTIMATELY LINKING TO OTHER SECTORS.

INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE FINANCE PROGRAM: CCAP PUBLISHED A PAPER ON THE CHALLENGES IN TRACKING CLIMATE FINANCE FLOWS AND HIGHLIGHTED THE PROBLEMS WITH INSUFFICIENT AND INCONSISTENT REPORTING OF PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENTS. AS THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY WORKS TO STRENGTHEN THE GLOBAL RESPONSE TO CLIMATE CHANGE, THERE IS A STRONG RECOGNITION THAT CHOICES ON HOW FUNDS ARE INVESTED WILL BE CRITICAL TO WHETHER OR NOT WE WILL BE SUCCESSFUL IN "STABILIZ[ING] GREENHOUSE GAS CONCENTRATIONS IN THE ATMOSPHERE AT A LEVEL THAT WOULD PREVENT DANGEROUS ANTHROPOGENIC INTERFERENCE WITH THE CLIMATE SYSTEM," AS CALLED FOR BY THE UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE (UNFCCC). UNDER THE CANCUN AGREEMENTS IN 2010, RECOGNIZING DEVELOPING COUNTRIES COULD NOT MEET THEIR MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION GOALS INDEPENDENTLY, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES COMMITTED TO A GOAL OF JOINTLY MOBILIZING USD 100 BILLION PER YEAR BY 2020 TO MEET THE FINANCE NEEDS OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. THESE FUNDS WOULD COME FROM A COMBINATION OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE, BILATERAL AND MULTILATERAL SOURCES. ASSESSING PROGRESS TOWARDS THESE FINANCIAL GOALS REQUIRES SYSTEMATIC AND CONSISTENT TRACKING OF INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENTS, BOTH PUBLIC AND PRIVATE, TO KNOW WHETHER 1) INVESTMENTS ARE CONSISTENT WITH LOW-EMISSION OUTCOMES AND 2) SUFFICIENT INVESTMENTS ARE BEING MOBILIZED TO FOSTER MITIGATION AND/OR ADAPTATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES TOWARDS THE USD 100 BILLION ANNUAL GOAL. CCAP'S RESEARCH IDENTIFIED A NUMBER OF CHALLENGES IN THE CURRENT PRIVATE SECTOR AND PROVIDED RECOMMENDATIONS HOW TO ADDRESS THOSE CHALLENGES.

OTHER CLIMATE RELATED PROJECTS TO PROMOTE MITIGATION ACTIONS IN KEY REGIONS TO PUT THE WORLD ON A PATH TO ACCELERATE THE TRANSITION TO A NET-ZERO, CLIMATE RESILIENT FUTURE